RUBRICA SETTIMANALE “PAROLA DI SKIPPER” | LA SCOTTA DEL FIOCCO

RUBRICA SETTIMANALE “PAROLA DI SKIPPER” | LA SCOTTA DEL FIOCCO

 

Attrezzatura

2.4 La scotta del fiocco

La scotta è la manovra corrente che serve per bordare una vela.

È normalmente in cavo tessile prestirato, che offre una buona maneggevolezza, oltre a un coefficiente di allungamento accettabile. La sezione di una scotta è generalmente maggiore di quanto sarebbe effettivamente necessario, tanto è vero che è molto improbabile che si possa strappare e, se ciò accade, certamente il motivo sta nell’usura di un tratto che aveva subito uno sfregamento più o meno forte e prolungato. Una sezione abbondante rende la scotta più maneggevole e meno estensibile, oltre a prolungarne la durata.

La via che fa la scotta è di primaria importanza sia per la regolazione della vela, sia per evitare, o quantomeno ridurre al minimo, qualsiasi possibilità di sfregamento e di incattivamento in manovra. Deve essere pertanto la più semplice e diretta possibile.

La puleggia di rinvio attraverso la quale quasi sempre si fa passare la scotta del fiocco o genoa, prima che giunga al verricello, merita un attimo di riflessione: è veramente necessaria? In molti casi la risposta è affermativa, ma in tanti altri se ne può fare tranquillamente a meno, con i seguenti notevoli vantaggi: scotta più corta e perciò meno estensibile, coperta più pulita per l’assenza dei rinvii, minori possibilità di incattivamenti in manovra, minore perdita di potenza per attrito, economia.

Eppure, non è raro vedere la scotta che passa per il rinvio, quando non sarebbe necessario. Si tratta di verificare se la via della manovra corrente può essere diretta dal punto di scotta al verricello senza subire sfregamenti, e con un angolo leggermente superiore a quello retto rispetto all’asse del verricello. Ciò è molto importante per evitare che i colli sul verricello possano accavallarsi, strozzandosi.

Talvolta la possibilità di fare a meno del rinvio è determinata dalla posizione del carrello del punto di scotta sulla rotaia, che varia notevolmente da una vela all’altra. Può cioè accadere che con un fiocco si possa eliminare il rinvio e con un genoa no, o viceversa. Dipende dal piano di coperta della barca. Vale però la pena di verificarlo, visti i notevoli vantaggi della via diretta, anche se questa sarà possibile con una vela soltanto.

La regolazione del punto di scotta è essenziale per il buon rendimento del fiocco o genoa. L’obiettivo è fare in modo che il vento attacchi la vela all’inferitura con un angolo costante dalla mura alla penna. Ci si può aiutare con gli indicatori di flusso (vedi il capitolo “gli indicatori di flusso”), il cui uso è oggi generalizzato, e che consentono di eseguire una regolazione molto fine.

Il punto di scotta non è fisso, ma varia con l’andatura, nel senso che va avanzato passando dalla bolina al lasco. Molti velisti trascurano questa regolazione, forse ignorando la notevole perdita di rendimento e quindi di velocità che ciò comporta.

Tratto dal libro Parola di Skipper, Editrice Incontri Nautici di Giancarlo Basile

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